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3GPP Long Term Evolution (From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future technology evolutions. Goals include improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum and reframed spectrum opportunities, and better integration with other open standards. The LTE air interface will be added to the specification in Release 8 and can be found in the 36-series of the 3GPP specifications. Although an evolution of UMTS, the LTE air interface is a completely new system based on OFDMA in the downlink and SC-FDMA (DFTS-FDMA) in the uplink that efficiently supports multi-antenna technologies (MIMO). The architecture resulting from this work is called EPS (Evolved Packet System) and comprises E-UTRAN (Evolved UTRAN) on the access side and EPC (Evolved Packet Core) on the core side.
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the name given to a project within the Third Generation Partnership Project to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard to cope with future technology evolutions. Goals include improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum and reframed spectrum opportunities, and better integration with other open standards. The LTE air interface will be added to the specification in Release 8 and can be found in the 36-series of the 3GPP specifications. Although an evolution of UMTS, the LTE air interface is a completely new system based on OFDMA in the downlink and SC-FDMA (DFTS-FDMA) in the uplink that efficiently supports multi-antenna technologies (MIMO). The architecture resulting from this work is called EPS (Evolved Packet System) and comprises E-UTRAN (Evolved UTRAN) on the access side and EPC (Evolved Packet Core) on the core side.
Long Term Evolution (NORTEL NETWORKS)
Although 3G technologies deliver significantly higher bit rates than 2G technologies, there is still a great opportunity for wireless service providers to capitalize on the ever-increasing demand for "wireless broadband" and take advantage of the technology innovation that improves the economics of deploying mobile broadband networks. Consequently, there is an expanding revenue opportunity from a growing pool of consumers and business professionals who are demanding the same experience and applications that they enjoy on a fixed wireline connection over wireless -- anywhere, any content, stationary or mobile. The solution is LTE, (3GPP Long Term Evolution), the next-generation network beyond 3G. In addition to enabling fixed to mobile migrations of Internet applications such as Voice over IP (VoIP), video streaming, music downloading, mobile TV and many others, LTE networks will also provide the capacity to support an explosion in demand for connectivity from a new generation of consumer devices tailored to those new mobile applications.
Although 3G technologies deliver significantly higher bit rates than 2G technologies, there is still a great opportunity for wireless service providers to capitalize on the ever-increasing demand for "wireless broadband" and take advantage of the technology innovation that improves the economics of deploying mobile broadband networks. Consequently, there is an expanding revenue opportunity from a growing pool of consumers and business professionals who are demanding the same experience and applications that they enjoy on a fixed wireline connection over wireless -- anywhere, any content, stationary or mobile. The solution is LTE, (3GPP Long Term Evolution), the next-generation network beyond 3G. In addition to enabling fixed to mobile migrations of Internet applications such as Voice over IP (VoIP), video streaming, music downloading, mobile TV and many others, LTE networks will also provide the capacity to support an explosion in demand for connectivity from a new generation of consumer devices tailored to those new mobile applications.
What is it?
LTE is the natural evolution of 3GPP GSM and WCDMA networks. It is also an evolution candidate for 3GPP2 CDMA networks. Efforts are underway to harmonize the standards. LTE itself is a new paradigm in access, with a new modulation technique, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex), and antenna technology, MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output).
OFDM splits the information into multiple narrowband subcarriers, allowing each of them to carry a portion of the information at a lower bit rate, which makes OFDM a very robust modulation, particularly in multipath scenarios, like urban areas.
MIMO technology creates several spatial paths on the air interface between the network and the subscriber; so these paths can carry the same or different streams of information, allows an increase in either the coverage (due to higher Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) at the receiver) or the user data throughput.
Why do we need it?
LTE, combining OFDM and MIMO, will provide on 2 to 5 times greater spectral efficiency than the most advanced 3G networks, reducing the cost per bit and allowing better economics for operators and end users.
The result is affordable mass market wireless broadband services that will boost Operator profitability. Faster downloads, video sharing, true Mobile TV with more channels and enhanced quality are just some examples of applications that will benefit from LTE's greater performance.
How Can we Do it?
LTE comes hand in hand with SAE (System Architecture Evolution), an evolution of the Core Network towards a flat, packet only, all-IP based architecture. In SAE, the network is composed of only two node types, the Base Station or eNodeB (evolved NodeB) and the AGW (Access Gateway). This architecture enhancement reduces the latency of the network (in the range of 10-20 msec round trip, an improvement of 50-200% when compared to the most advanced 3G networks), required to provide real-time applications, like VoIP or on-line interactive gaming. It lowers total cost of ownership as fewer network nodes will need to be installed and managed. Nortel can also provide cable reduction technology and integrated backhaul solutions to minimize the total cost of ownership of the network.
Nortel is delivering leading IMS Solutions for revenue generating applications to run on this true broadband access technology. As a matter of fact Nortel has already achieved several industry firsts with IMS VoIP live services running on top of 4G access including handover between VoIP on 4G systems and 2G cellular, in both directions, featuring Voice Call Continuity (VCC).
WiMAX vs. LTE
The WiMAX and 3G Evolutions/ LTE debate is not new. Nevertheless there can not be one technology which can be deemed as superior without specifying a range of factors such as rural/ suburban or urban usage, type of applications and user densities. Mobile WiMAX or WiMAX is capable of providing wireless overlays in rural areas and this has been also one its early application. WiMAX also classes of services which provide more reliable deliveries of Video or VoIP, which at present can not be matched by any competing technology. The MBS multicast feature of mobile WiMAX can deliver streaming multicast services to hundreds of thousands of customers. At the same time HSPA or LTEs enjoy the legacy advantage of incremental CAPEX over existing 3G networks and the ready targeting of a large base of customers under the 3G (UMTS or CDMA) technologies. Nevertheless it can not overcome the basic architectural weakness of the 3G as of today. Hence the advantage that these networks enjoy may be more fickle than believed.
LTE is the natural evolution of 3GPP GSM and WCDMA networks. It is also an evolution candidate for 3GPP2 CDMA networks. Efforts are underway to harmonize the standards. LTE itself is a new paradigm in access, with a new modulation technique, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex), and antenna technology, MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output).
OFDM splits the information into multiple narrowband subcarriers, allowing each of them to carry a portion of the information at a lower bit rate, which makes OFDM a very robust modulation, particularly in multipath scenarios, like urban areas.
MIMO technology creates several spatial paths on the air interface between the network and the subscriber; so these paths can carry the same or different streams of information, allows an increase in either the coverage (due to higher Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) at the receiver) or the user data throughput.
Why do we need it?
LTE, combining OFDM and MIMO, will provide on 2 to 5 times greater spectral efficiency than the most advanced 3G networks, reducing the cost per bit and allowing better economics for operators and end users.
The result is affordable mass market wireless broadband services that will boost Operator profitability. Faster downloads, video sharing, true Mobile TV with more channels and enhanced quality are just some examples of applications that will benefit from LTE's greater performance.
How Can we Do it?
LTE comes hand in hand with SAE (System Architecture Evolution), an evolution of the Core Network towards a flat, packet only, all-IP based architecture. In SAE, the network is composed of only two node types, the Base Station or eNodeB (evolved NodeB) and the AGW (Access Gateway). This architecture enhancement reduces the latency of the network (in the range of 10-20 msec round trip, an improvement of 50-200% when compared to the most advanced 3G networks), required to provide real-time applications, like VoIP or on-line interactive gaming. It lowers total cost of ownership as fewer network nodes will need to be installed and managed. Nortel can also provide cable reduction technology and integrated backhaul solutions to minimize the total cost of ownership of the network.
Nortel is delivering leading IMS Solutions for revenue generating applications to run on this true broadband access technology. As a matter of fact Nortel has already achieved several industry firsts with IMS VoIP live services running on top of 4G access including handover between VoIP on 4G systems and 2G cellular, in both directions, featuring Voice Call Continuity (VCC).
WiMAX vs. LTE
The WiMAX and 3G Evolutions/ LTE debate is not new. Nevertheless there can not be one technology which can be deemed as superior without specifying a range of factors such as rural/ suburban or urban usage, type of applications and user densities. Mobile WiMAX or WiMAX is capable of providing wireless overlays in rural areas and this has been also one its early application. WiMAX also classes of services which provide more reliable deliveries of Video or VoIP, which at present can not be matched by any competing technology. The MBS multicast feature of mobile WiMAX can deliver streaming multicast services to hundreds of thousands of customers. At the same time HSPA or LTEs enjoy the legacy advantage of incremental CAPEX over existing 3G networks and the ready targeting of a large base of customers under the 3G (UMTS or CDMA) technologies. Nevertheless it can not overcome the basic architectural weakness of the 3G as of today. Hence the advantage that these networks enjoy may be more fickle than believed.
Compiled by: Mohammad Abed Saadullah, Wimax Bangladesh
[Source: Altera, Japan (www.altera.co.jp), Nortel Networks (www.nortel.com), Amitabh Kumar (www.wimax-home.com), Motorola (www.motorola.com]
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